Red Rot disease is a fungal disease that affects sugarcane crops all around the world. This disease is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum which affects the stalks of the sugarcane plant. The damage caused by this disease can be severe and result in huge economic losses for farmers. Hence, controlling the spread of Red Rot disease in sugarcane crops is essential.
Symptoms of Red Rot disease in Sugarcane crop
The first visible symptoms of Red Rot disease can be seen in the form of discolored lesions on the outer surface of the stalks. These lesions eventually turn into hollow canes that break when the plants begin to mature causing them to wilt. The internal tissues of the sugarcane plants become brown and rot, and the leaves start to yellow. The disease can spread rapidly, causing devastating damage if left untreated.
Control measures of Red Rot disease in Sugarcane crop
1. Crop Rotation: Crop rotation is an effective way of controlling Red Rot disease. Farmers should avoid planting sugarcane on the same field consecutively to prevent the buildup of the fungus. Alternate sugarcane cultivation with other crops that are not susceptible to the fungus.
2. Sanitization: It is important to practice strict sanitization measures in sugarcane fields. Use sanitized equipment and machinery during field operations, and dispose of any infected plant debris. Farmers should ensure that the fields are clean and free from weeds that harbor the fungus.
3. Chemical control: Fungicides are available to control the spread of Red Rot disease. The best time to apply fungicides is at the early stages of the disease. Two to three applications are recommended at 15-day intervals.
4. Plant Resistance: Planting resistant sugarcane varieties is another effective way to control Red Rot disease. Researchers have developed several hybrid varieties that are resistant to the fungus. Farmers should choose the most suitable resistant variety for their specific location and soil type.
5. Cultural practices: Maintaining healthy soil and sugarcane crops is vital in preventing the disease. Practices like applying organic matter, proper irrigation, and fertilization should be implemented to keep the sugarcane plants healthy.
In conclusion, controlling the spread of Red Rot disease in sugarcane crops is essential for the survival of the industry. Farmers should be vigilant in identifying the early symptoms and implementing the necessary control measures promptly. With proper management practices, it is possible to minimize the impact of Red Rot disease and protect sugarcane crops from devastating losses.