Tomatoes are an essential part of our daily diet and are loved for their sweet, tangy taste and their versatility in different recipes. However, one of the most common challenges in tomato production is fruit cracking, which not only causes a cosmetic issue but also leads to a significant loss in yield. In this article, we will discuss the control of fruit cracking in tomatoes.
Fruit cracking in tomato is a physiological disorder that occurs when the tomato fruit grows too fast, causing the skin to split. This can happen due to a fluctuation in moisture levels, temperature, and soil nutrient levels. The main types of fruit cracking in tomatoes are radial, concentric, and shoulder cracking.
Control Measures:
1. Variety Selection
Choosing the right tomato variety can play a significant role in controlling fruit cracking. Certain varieties have been noted to have a higher resistance to cracking compared to others. It is essential to select a variety that is well suited to the prevailing weather conditions, soil nutrients and water availability.
2. Proper Irrigation
Tomatoes require sufficient water supply for optimal growth. Too much or too little water can lead to fruit cracking. Uneven watering, especially during the fruit development stage, can cause the tomato to absorb too much water quickly, causing the skin to split. The application of water should be constant and regular, especially under hot and dry weather conditions.
3. Soil Management
Soil nutrition plays a critical role in controlling fruit cracking in tomatoes. A balanced nutrient supply helps the tomatoes grow at the right pace, reducing the likelihood of cracking. Soil pH should also be maintained between 6.5 and 7.5 for optimal tomato growth.
4. Mulching
Mulching with organic material like dried grass, straw, or leaves can help to control fruit cracking by reducing water evaporation from the soil. Mulching also helps maintain soil temperature and prevents fluctuation during the tomato fruit development stage.
5. Harvesting Time
Tomatoes should be harvested when they are mature. Overripe tomatoes tend to crack more frequently, so it is best to keep a close eye on the fruit and pick them as soon as they are ripe.
In conclusion, fruit cracking in tomatoes is a common problem that can be controlled through improved production practices such as proper irrigation, soil management, and variety selection. By taking these control measures, tomato producers can reduce the likelihood of fruit cracking and optimize yield.