Yellowing of wheat in heavy soils after irrigation is a common problem faced by wheat farmers. This phenomenon occurs when wheat plants are unable to absorb nutrients from the soil due to waterlogging after irrigation. The high moisture content in heavy soils prevents the oxygen required for the growth and development of the roots from reaching them, leading to suffocation and eventual death of the plant roots.
When the roots of wheat plants are unable to absorb nutrients from the soil, the leaves of the plant start turning yellow due to a lack of chlorophyll. Plants need chlorophyll to carry out photosynthesis, which is the process of converting sunlight into energy, and without it, they cannot generate enough energy to survive.
To prevent yellowing of wheat in heavy soils caused by waterlogging after irrigation, farmers should adopt the following practices:
1. Improve soil drainage: The first step towards preventing waterlogging in heavy soils is to improve soil drainage. Farmers can install drainage ditches or tiles to remove excess water from the soil.
2. Reduce irrigation: Farmers should avoid over-irrigation as it can lead to waterlogging in heavy soils. Instead, they should adopt controlled irrigation practices to provide the right amount of water to the plants.
3. Use fertilizer: Adding fertilizers to the soil can help boost the nutrient content in the soil. This can help wheat plants absorb sufficient nutrients, even in heavy soils.
4. Crop rotation: Crop rotation is an effective way to prevent waterlogging in heavy soils. Farmers should consider growing alternative crops like legumes, which can improve soil structure and nutrient content.
In conclusion, yellowing of wheat in heavy soils after irrigation is a problem that can be addressed through a combination of good agronomic practices. By improving soil drainage, practicing controlled irrigation, using fertilizer, and crop rotation, farmers can help wheat plants thrive, even in heavy soils.