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Sandalwood plant (Santalum album), is known for its aromatic fragrance and has been used in perfumes, cosmetics, and medicinal preparations for centuries. The tree is native to India, Indonesia, and Australia and is considered a susceptible species.
Today, sandalwood is one of the most expensive woods on the planet. Its cultivation requires patience, careful attention, and a significant initial investment. Below are some considerations to keep in mind when it comes to growing sandalwood plants.
Climate and Soil Requirements:
Sandalwood plants thrive in warm tropical climates. It can withstand temperatures ranging from 0°C to 45°C, but it needs a minimum temperature range of 14°C to grow well. The plant requires a well-drained loamy soil mix that is slightly acidic with a pH of 6 to 7.5.
Propagation:
Sandalwood can be propagated from seed, but this method is not recommended for commercial plantations because it takes too long to mature. The preferred method of propagation is by using root-cuttings or vegetative propagation from mature trees.
Planting:
Sandalwood should be planted in rows with spacing of about 4 meters between trees. The ideal time for planting is during the monsoon season, which helps in the successful establishment of the trees. The saplings must be protected from exposure to direct sunlight and wind damage.
Watering:
Sandalwood plants do not require much watering, but their requirements may vary depending on the soil and climatic conditions. They prefer dry soil and can survive in moderate to low rainfall areas. However, it is important to provide sufficient water during the first year after planting.
Pruning:
Pruning is necessary for the multiple branching of the sandalwood tree. Prune the branches towards the bottom of the tree and encourage further growth by applying fertilizer.
Harvest:
Sandalwood takes ten to fifteen years to mature, and the tree will begin producing oil around 20 years old. The harvesting must be done with extreme care, not cutting too deep into the tree. After harvest, the tree should be pruned back to promote growth.
In conclusion, the cultivation of Sandalwood plant can be a profitable venture, but it requires patience and dedicated attention. Suitable soil conditions, appropriate climate, and proper irrigation can help to improve the quality of the wood produced. In summary, the cultivation process can contribute immensely to the socio-economic development of the region.