Fertilizer Dose at the Time of Sowing of Maize Crop: What You Need to Know
Maize is an essential crop for both human and animal consumption, and it also plays a critical role in the economy of many countries worldwide. The success of maize farming depends heavily on the fertilizer application rate during the planting stage.
While there are different types of fertilizers in the market, it is crucial to make informed decisions on the type and quantity of fertilizer to use since the production and yield directly depend on the fertilizer application rate.
Here are some essential things you need to know about the fertilizer dose at the time of sowing of maize crop:
1. Soil Test
Before planting maize, soil testing is essential. It is important to determine the soil’s fertility status and nutrient composition. This test gives a clear picture of the soil’s PH, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, among others. The test helps farmers determine the exact fertilizers or nutrients they lack for more efficiency.
2. Fertilizers Types and Composition
There are three primary types of fertilizers commonly used in maize farming, namely Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (NPK). Nitrogen and Phosphorous are the most important fertilizers used depends on the soil test report. Nitrogen is responsible for proper development, while phosphorus boosts root growth. Potassium, on the other hand, ensures proper stem development, and it is vital in crop development.
3. Fertilizer Application Rate
The fertilizer application rate varies depending on the soil type, climate, and moisture content. The aim is to ensure that the crop does not experience any nutrient deficiency during its development stages. In general, 100 to 60 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizers, 50 kg/ha phosphorous fertilizers and 60 kg/ha potassium fertilizers is applied per acre for the Zea mays.
4. Time of Fertilizer Application
Fertilizer application should be done at the time of sowing. While some farmers prefer mixing the fertilizers with the soil, others prefer to use a planter to increase accuracy and reduce waste. Applying fertilizer early ensures that there is an optimal nutrient supply during the early stages of the plant’s development.
In conclusion, the right fertilizer dose at planting is essential for better crop development and yield. It is crucial to conduct a soil test to determine the exact nutrients required and the right fertilizer composition. Moreover, following proper fertilizer application techniques will enable farmers to achieve high maize yields.